Project 456990

Gender is a multidimensional construct. While measures to assess some dimensions of gender, such as gender roles and expectations, have been developed, concurrently measuring all dimensions of gender, using separate instruments that are relevant to both men and women and feasible to administer, has not been done. Doing so would enable a greater understanding of the way in which dimensions of gender relate to each other and to other factors, such as sex at birth, and health outcomes. Addressing this measurement gap, and providing "how to" examples of ways in which these measures can be incorporated into quantitative health research analyses, will facilitate greater progress in designing and conducting health research in a way that allows researchers to better understand how social and biological factors interact to affect health. To achieve this goal we will identify currently used measures of gender. Using primary data collection, we will then develop, or modify existing, measures that capture each dimension of gender, and examine the relationships among each of these dimensions of gender, and with sex at birth. These models will then be extended to examine the relationships between different dimensions of gender and health outcomes, and to also examine if discordance across gender dimensions is associated with poorer health status.