CIHR Projects
Browse 44 CIHR-funded research projects
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PI: Becker, Allan B; Chan-Yeung, Moira
We undertook a multifaceted intervention program during the last trimester of pregnancy and the first twelve months of life in children at high risk for the development of asthma, based on a strong f…
PI: O'Connor, Kieron P; Lavoie, Marc E
Although Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS) is characterized by tics and diagnosed by the presence of tics, it is frequently accompanied by other behavioral problems such as obsessional compulsions …
PI: Madsen, Karen L
The human gut is densely colonized with microbes. We have evolved over time with these microbes, and it appears that we not only tolerate these organisms, but our immune system and gut requires them …
PI: Sewitch, Maida J
Despite widespread distribution of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines, many Canadians are not screened for CRC. Our research shows that in 2003 only 30% of Canadians received CRC screening …
PI: Borgeat, Pierre; Flamand, Louis
This research program is aimed at understanding how the body reacts to infection by viruses such as the Influenza virus, which is the pathological agent of flu. The Influenza virus causes a severe in…
Our research indicates that over 50% of breast cancer survivors may experience arm problems after treatment. These problems can be disabling, but few researchers have examined the impact of these cha…
Stroke is a leading cause of death in Canada, yet more than 80% of Ontario patients survive. These 300,000 patients who survive each year typically live with substantial limitations and 20% are admit…
PI: Bacon, Simon L
Asthma is a chronic disorder of the airways primarily driven by increased airway inflammation, and is an escalating medical problem in Canada. For example, between 1994 and 2001 there was a 40% incre…
PI: Bacon, Simon L
Asthma is a chronic disorder of the airways primarily driven by increased airway inflammation, and is an escalating medical problem in Canada. For example, between 1994 and 2001 there was a 40% incre…
A Phase 1, First-in-Man Trial of Intracoronary Collagenase Therapy For Chronic Total Occlusions
Coronary arteries that have been totally blocked for 6 weeks or longer, are called chronic total occlusions (CTO). CTO are found in 30% of all coronary angiograms and frequently cause significant car…
PI: Lecomte, Tania; Corbière, Marc
More than 80% of individuals with a severe mental illness such as schizophrenia wish to work in regular competitive jobs. Even the best vocational programs --such as those following the supported emp…
Drug-induced parkinsonism, featuring resting tremor, motor slowing, and body stiffness, remains an unacceptable and frequent complication in about one third of patients treated for schizophrenia with…
PI: Colman, Ian R
In spite of the frequency and severity of depression, controversy remains over the appropriate use of antidepressants as treatment. Part of the confusion stems from the fact that randomized controlle…
PI: Krausz, Reinhard M; Oviedo-Joekes, Eugenia
Inner city populations, particularly injection drug users, are at extremely high risk of many drug related harms including HIV, hepatitis C and overdose death. While some treatments exist, they are n…
PI: Bravo, Gina
A growing number of older Canadians develop diseases that gradually erode their decision-making abilities. Healthcare professionals and researchers typically turn to families when decisions about hea…
PI: Menzies, Richard
Although effective medications to treat and prevent Tuberculosis (TB) have been available for over 60 years, TB remains the most important infectious cause of mortality among adults in the world. One…
PI: Yatham, Lakshmi N; Bond, David J
People with bipolar I disorder (BDI) expereince episodes of both mania and depression. Manic episodes are characterized by unusually elevated mood, increased energy, and impulsivity, to the point tha…
PI: Lam, Raymond W
Major depressive disorder (MDD) affects up to 15% of the Canadian population and is one of the leading causes of socioeconomic burden. There are many effective treatments for MDD including antidepres…
The aim of this study is to test the feasability of a multi center trial on the effects of glutamine on mortality and infectious morbidity in adult burn patient. This will include recruitment rate, c…
PI: Lau, Mark A
Depression is a potentially lifelong illness with a high relapse risk. The proposed study extends our research program studying the role of cognitive reactivity as a risk factor for depressive relaps…
Protein metabolism and insulin resistance in cancer cachexia: a potential anabolic role of leucine
Protein loss, mostly from muscle, is very common in lung cancer and this affects the patients' physical function, response to treatment and quality of life. We propose that cancer patients are losing…
PI: Meade, Maureen O; Ferguson, Niall D
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common and catastrophic complication of critical illness related to burns, motor vehicle accidents, or overwhelming infection. ARDS kills 40-70% of aff…
Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has drastically reduced the morbidity and mortality associated with HIV infection, and transformed HIV from an invariably fatal disease into a manageable,…
PI: Brison, Robert J; Brouwer, Brenda J
Soft tissue injuries to the ankle (ankle sprains) are common injuries treated in Canadian emergency departments. An important proportion (up to 40%) of these injuries result in chronic functional lim…
PI: Bhandari, Mohit; Guyatt, Gordon H
Traffic accidents ranked among the top 10 causes of global disability in 1990. By 2020, disability from traffic accidents is estimated to rank in the top 3 of all cause disability from disease - seco…
PI: Gilron, Ian
Pain is a major public health problem affecting one-third of the population and costing $165 billion/year in North America alone. Individual pain-relievers provide incomplete relief and can often pro…
PI: Lam, Tania
Although many people who had a stroke can get better and walk again, there are still problems with walking that limit their ability to fully take part in many daily activities. Up to now, stroke rese…
PI: Ridde, Valéry
L'objet de notre programme de recherche réalisé en Afrique de l'Ouest vise comprendre si l'abolition du paiement direct des soins de santé est une stratégie efficace pour améliorer l'équité d'accès a…
PI: Houry, Walid A
Hsp90 is a ubiquitous molecular chaperone that is found in eubacteria and all branches of eukarya. It plays a central role in cellular signaling since it is essential for maintaining the activity of …
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) result from the consumption of alcohol during pregnancy. This is the leading cause of preventable mental retardation in humans, but for a variety of reasons is…
Adolescence is a time when children with type 1 diabetes may resist parental involvement in their diabetes management but at the same time, they may neglect aspects of their self-management. Parents …
The surfaces of bacteria are typically composed of a complex and dynamic array of carbohydrate-containing macromolecules. An extensive layer of polysaccharide known as the capsule covers the surfaces…
PI: Muruve, Daniel A
Kidney diseases are common in the general population. Many types of kidney disease are caused by toxins, poor circulation, diabetes and other insults. Invariably, these types of kidney injury result …
Mitochondria are extremely dynamic organelles undergoing constant double membrane fusion and fission reactions. The control and mechanisms involved to regulate this activity are currently of great in…
Glucagon is a hormone secreted from the pancreas that together with insulin, controls levels of blood sugar through actions on the liver. Excess glucagon action in diabetic subjects underlies the ina…
PI: Brown, Grant W
Before a cell can grow and divide it must duplicate its DNA. In this way, when a cell divides to form two daughter cells, each of the daughters will receive the full complement of genes required for …
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is becoming more common among the First Nations population in Canada, resulting in an increasing burden of illness and death. Hospital admission rates for CVD are stable …
Biomarkers of Disease Progression in Parkinsonism: Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurological disorder that affects the means by which the brain controls movement. Treatments that are currently available are reasonably effective at improv…
Heart failure is the inability of the heart to pump adequate blood and oxygen to supply the needs of the body. Patients with heart failure have difficulty breathing, get tired easily and often have s…
The threat posed by the emergence of the highly pathogenic strain of influenza A has been met with an abundance of preemptive scientific research to prepare for a pandemic. However, it is equally imp…
National network for characterization of influenza virus evolution and antiviral drug susceptibility
PI: Boivin, Guy
Influenza A viruses evolve constantly and rapidly leading to seasonal flu epidemics and occasional but devastating flu pandemics. There is thus a need to rapidly identify new emerging influenza strai…
PI: Leblanc, Vicki R; Regehr, Cheryl
Emergency services work is characterized by high stress situations requiring immediate intervention and by exposure to distressing events that are outside the experience of the general public. Dispat…
Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy for the prevention of depressive relapse in the workplace
PI: Lau, Mark A
Depression is among the most costly of all health problems to employers. This is particularly true for the health service sector, which typically employs mostly women as depression is twice as preval…
PI: Lam, Raymond W
Clinical depression and anxiety in employees, managers and executives (workplace depression) is a significant burden to society from both human resource and economic viewpoints. Depression is now a l…