CIHR Projects
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PI: Reynolds, Lisa A
Parasitic worms that live in the guts of humans and other animals remain common in many regions of the world, and can cause major health issues. Parasitic worms can cause chronic infections that last…
Apolipoprotein control of inflammatory signalling in the endocytic pathway of dendritic cells
We live in complex environments that expose us to potentially harmful agents. Infection, injury, and mutations resulting in cancerous cells all represent threats to our survival. Overcoming such thre…
The causative agent of Legionnaires' disease, an often fatal pneumonia, is an intracellular bacterium, Legionella pneumophila, that normally grows inside amoebae and other freshwater protists. Unfort…
PI: Tarrant, Marie; Chooniedass, Rishma; Keys, Elizabeth M
Limited data on COVID-19 vaccine efficacy, acceptance, and uptake for children and for people who are pregnant or breastfeeding may contribute to vaccine hesitancy in Canada. Considering that vaccine…
PI: Parashar, Surita
Advances in HIV treatment have led to a demographic shift, with individuals over 50 years of age now making up more than half of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in British Columbia (BC). There is ther…
PI: Guta, Adrian; Strike, Carol J
The purpose of this dissemination and planning event is to bring together leaders in HIV/HCV, harm reduction, and safer opioid supply (SOS) initiatives from across Canada. Canada is experiencing an o…
PI: Santamaria, Pere
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from immune dysregulation (autoimmunity) leading to destruction of the insulin-producing cells of the pancreas (beta cells) by killer white blood cells. Susceptibility a…
PI: Santamaria, Pere
A few years ago, we discovered a new class of drugs, based on the use of tiny particles about a billion times smaller than a golf ball (a nanomedicine), that can treat diseases caused by mis-directed…
PI: Lam, Cindy
Despite decades of scientific research, there is no cure for the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and its subsequent late-stage infection, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Around the worl…
PI: Feld, Jordan J; Liang, T Jake; Shoukry, Naglaa H
Hepatitis C virus continues to be an enormous global public health problem. Remarkable advances in treatment have made it possible to cure people with simple courses of 1 or a few pills daily for 2-3…
PI: Simpson, Jared T
More critical now given the COVID-19 global pandemic, bioinformatics skills are urgently needed to support rapid translation of infectious disease research to improve healthcare and decision making. …
PI: Tan, Darrell H
New HIV infections continue to occur in Canada despite the existence of safe and efficacious prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP). A share…
PI: Ermolina, Sofya
Chronic systemic inflammation increases with age and is associated with a variety of late-life diseases and infection outcomes. It has been previously shown that higher inflammation is a risk factor …
PI: Liu, Qian
Viral infectious diseases pose a great threat to public health and the global economy. The majority are caused by emerging viruses that originated from animals and infect humans. According to a repor…
The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common causes of human infections. These infections range from mild (minor wound infections and carbuncles, for example) to more serious, and of…
PI: Kulkarni, Manisha A; Mosha, Franklin W; Protopopoff, Natacha
Climate change, alongside other global scale phenomena such as globalization and persisting social inequities, is driving an increase in global health risks from infectious disease outbreaks. Vector-…
Inflammation is a key aspect of the disease process in COVID-19. Older persons are at greater risk for severe COVID-19 due to the negative or adverse convergence of aging and inflammation. The conseq…
PI: Janjua, Naveed Z; Binka, Mawuena; Kwong, Jeffrey C; Sander, Beate H
Measures taken to limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission have limited access to healthcare services worldwide. Declining testing volumes, diagnosis and treatm…
PI: O'Byrne, Patrick
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of public health services, specifically related to testing and contact tracing. The pandemic also highlighted limitations of healthcare service delive…
PI: Russell, James A
Bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common complication of chronic heart, kidney, lung diseases and diabetes. During the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-present), changes to health care access …
PI: Mckinnon, Lyle R
Every tissue must be able to respond to potentially dangerous infections, such as novel coronavirus, HIV, and many others, all while maintaining or returning to a state of "homeostasis" - a steady st…
The 32nd annual Canadian Conference on HIV/AIDS Research - to be held April 27-30th, 2023 in Quebec City, QC - will be an opportunity for researchers and community members from across Canada to share…
PI: Eaton, Andrew; Murzin, Kate; Chan Carusone, Soo; Ibanez-Carrasco, Francisco; Walmsley, Sharon L
Cognitive impairment is a significant health issue for people aging with HIV/AIDS and has been identified as a priority area of focus in Canada. Cognitive challenges can include forgetfulness, troubl…
PI: Ohashi, Pamela S
The immune system normally keeps our body healthy by fighting off viruses and bacteria that cause illnesses. Immunotherapy is a type of cancer treatment that increases the ability of the immune syste…
PI: Moayyedi, Paul; Calliou, Skylin N; Daley, Kimberlee; De Nino, Alysia; Desjarlais, Rhonda; Marsiglio, Megan L; Zelinsky, Sandra; Baumgart, Daniel C; Bercik, Premysl; Bernstein, Charles N; De Souza, Russell J; Dieleman, Levinus A; D'Silva, Adrijana; Ghia, Jean-Eric; Graff, Lesley A; Jones, Meaghan J; Kao, Dina H; Lavis, John N; Leontiadis, Grigorios; Libertucci, Josie; Ma, Christopher; Madsen, Karen L; Marshall, Deborah A; Narula, Neeraj; Nguyen, Geoffrey C; Otley, Anthony R; Panaccione, Remo; Pena-Sanchez, Juan-Nicolas; Presseau, Justin; Ruzycki, Shannon M; Surette, Michael G; Swain, Mark G; Tandon, Puneeta; Taylor, Valerie Hannah; Tremblay, Melissa; Tripp, Dean A; Vanner, Stephen J; Verdu, Elena F; Walters, Thomas D; Wine, Eytan
Canada has the highest rates of Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (consisting of ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease) in the world, affecting 0.5 million Canadians. Irritable bowel syndrome (I…
PI: Kooij, Katherine
The ongoing drug overdose crisis has devastating effects on the health of the population in British Columbia (BC), with the number of overdoses increasing every year. People living with HIV (PLWH) ar…
Sub-Saharan Africa and Eastern Europe have exceptionally many people who become infected with HIV, with a disproportionally high infection rate among teenage girls and young women who are 14 to 24 ye…
Rates of the globally signification infection gonorrhea have more than doubled in the last 5 years in Canada. Gonorrhea is caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and multi-drug resistant i…
PI: Fortin, Paul R; De Serres, Gaston; Colmegna, Ines
In the midst of a fourth wave and the circulation of the delta variant, Quebec and Ontario offer a third dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine to immunosuppressed patients including people living with system…
PI: Sanati Nezhad, Amir; Duffett-Leger, Linda A; Ferber, Reed
Approximately 11% of COVID-19 cases and 73% of all COVID-19 deaths in Canada have been in long-term care (LTC) homes, affecting both their residents and staff. With the rapid vaccination of the resid…
COVID-19 Vaccine Responses among African Canadian Children with and without Sickle Cell Disease
PI: Allen, Upton D
The primary purpose of this study is to generate information on the immune responses to the COVID-19 vaccines among African Canadian children with Sickle Cell Disease. Persons with Sickle Cell Diseas…
Correlates of COVID-19 vaccine-induced protection and host factors that affect immune response
PI: Kirsh, Victoria; Awadalla, Philip
Background: Canada is seeing a COVID-19 resurgence as SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge globally and herd immunity remains elusive. It is unclear whether there will be a decline in immune protec…
PI: Blakney, Anna
RNA vaccines enabled the fastest response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, it is not yet well-understood how first-generation vaccines made with the wild type spike antigen are able to act against …
PI: Little, Julian; Iorio, Alfonso
The rapid development of safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines is an outstanding scientific achievement. As an increasing proportion of the world's population is vaccinated, societies have begun to re…
PI: Chan, Warren C; Gommerman, Jennifer L
We expect approval of a COVID-19 vaccine for children between the ages of 5-12. With this in mind, we seek to build capacity to evaluate the antibody response of children in this age bracket to the C…
PI: Grant, Michael D
Despite the effectiveness of antiretroviral drug treatment, persons living with HIV (PLWH) can have weakened immune systems that respond poorly to vaccination, compared to the general population. Lit…
PI: Gilbert, Caroline; Pelletier, Martin; Pouliot, Marc; Tessier, Philippe A
Les personnes immunosupprimées ou souffrant de maladies inflammatoires chroniques ont un risque accru de complications liées à une infection au SARS-CoV-2, en plus d'avoir une réponse vaccinale souve…
PI: Tremblay, CĂ©cile L; Monteith, Kenneth M; Durand, Madeleine
SARS CoV-2 has rapidly spread across the planet and new mutants emerge which are more transmissible and potentially more resistant to our vaccines. Few data exist on COVID-19 disease and vaccine immu…
PI: Sapir-Pichhadze, Ruth; Ragoussis, Ioannis
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unprecedented challenge to Canada. To date, >1.5 million Canadians have been infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and >27,000 individuals have died. The impact i…
PI: Haas, Kurt
The COVID-19 pandemic has had greatest impact on marginalized populations including Indigenous, Black and Latino communities. A leading question of the COVID-19 pandemic is why distinct ethnic or reg…
PI: Serghides, Lena
COVID-19 in pregnancy is associated with higher rates of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and preterm birth due to severe maternal symptoms, and the infants of such pregnancies also require neonat…
Ab-C Risk: Action to Beat Coronavirus Sub-study on Population Immunity in High-Risk Groups in Canada
PI: Jha, Prabhat
We have been studying the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination on immunity among a representative sample of about 20,000 Canadian adults, in the Action to Beat Coronavirus in Canada (Ab-C) …
PI: Herridge, Margaret S; Cheung, Angela M
The post COVID-19 condition represents one of the most important lasting legacies of the COVID-19 pandemic. COVID-19 has infected >1.5 million Canadians and resulted in >27,000 deaths since January 2…
PI: Langlois, Marc-Andre; Abraham, Ninan; Behr, Marcel A; Brouwers, Melissa C; Crawley, Angela M; Flamand, Louis; Gingras, Anne-Claude; Gommerman, Jennifer L; Grimshaw, Jeremy M; Hsu, Amy T; Huyser, Kimberly R; Manuel, Douglas G; Muhajarine, Nazeem; Ragoussis, Ioannis; Rasmussen, Angela; Shapiro, Jesse
Canadians are concerned about how mutations in SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, will impact how the virus is transmitted, whether it makes people more sick, and whether immunity conferred …
The development and function of immune cells is influenced by the environment in which they reside and allows for tissue-specific regulation of inflammatory responses. Barrier tissues such as the int…
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in the world, causing motor dysfunction that worsens over time. Gut changes are experienced by nearly all PD patients, an…
PI: Frier, Mia S
Each organelle in a cell requires a specific set of proteins to perform its functions. Membrane-embedded proteins are packaged in the Golgi body and sent to other organelles by a process called membr…
Mining the infant gut microbiota to predict and prevent asthma: data from the CHILD Cohort Study
PI: DAI, LIYING
Asthma is a condition in which swelling causes the airway to narrow, making it difficult to breath. Asthma attacks can trigger coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath, and can be life-threatening. As…
PI: Lu, Julia C
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a rare population of immune cells that are the first line of defence against viruses, bacteria, and parasites. Type 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are type of ILC found in the lungs,…
PI: Bowers, Sarah M
Our research group studies a protein called adenosine deaminase 2 (ADA2) which is produced by certain immune cells and can be detected in the blood. Most of what we know about ADA2 has come since 201…