CIHR Projects
Browse 1999 CIHR-funded research projects
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Showing 101-150 of 1999 projects
PI: Kim, Richard B
Breast cancer was diagnosed in 26,900 Canadian women in 2019, accounting for 25% of all cancer diagnosis in women. Breast cancer patients with estrogen receptor positive cancers are usually treated, …
PI: Lemaire, Mathieu
Patients with a severe infection caused by a bacteria called pneumococcus can injure their kidneys, leading to protein in the urine and blood clots in the kidneys. The injury is caused by an enzyme c…
PI: Tandon, Puneeta; Mcneely, Margaret L
Physical frailty is common in patients awaiting liver transplantation and has been associated with poor health outcomes. There is promising data from small studies showing that nutrition and exercise…
PI: Sabatini, Paul
Maintaining normal feeding behaviour is critical for overall health. Elevated or diminished food intake reduces quality of life and lifespan for millions of Canadians each year. The brain acts as the…
Individualized Fortification of Human Milk to Improve Neurodevelopment of Infants Born <1250 grams
PI: O'Connor, Deborah L; Unger, Sharon
There has been a dramatic shift in how very low birth weight (born <1500 g, VLBW) infants are fed in Canadian neonatal intensive care units in the last 10 years, moving from predominantly formula to …
PI: Cohen, Tamara R; Gouin, Jean-Philippe
A healthy diet plays an important role in well-being; however, most people do not follow diet recommendations. Tracking the food you eat (diet self-monitoring) can help to make and maintain dietary c…
Investigating the contextual and behavioural determinants of sodium intake among adult Canadians
PI: Arcand, JoAnne
Canadians consume large amounts of sodium, which increases their risk for heart disease and stroke. Strategies that support Canadians in following a lower sodium diet, like Canada's Food Guide, follo…
PI: Szaszi, Katalin
Movement of cells as a group plays an important role in development of an embryo and is also key for tissue regeneration following injury. Further, this process also helps cancer cells to spread to d…
PI: Poitout, Vincent
The rise in obesity in children is a major health issue, and as a result, the age at which type 2 diabetes occurs has been steadily decreasing in recent years. Children who are overweight when they u…
Control of adipocyte thermogenesis by coordinated regulation of alpha and beta adrenergic signaling
PI: Kazak, Lawrence
The obesity epidemic is a serious public health concern. Obesity occurs when energy from food consumption exceeds energy expenditure. Sustaining weight loss with diet and exercise shows limited succe…
PI: McInnes, Matthew; Chernyak, Victoria; salameh, jean-paul; Tang, An; Thombs, Brett D; van der Pol, Christian B
Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of primary cancer seen in the liver. Imaging tests such as CT, MRI, and contrast-enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) are used to detect and diagnose HCC.…
PI: MacKay, Dylan S; Tangri, Navdeep
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can reduce a person's ability to manage the balance of acid and base in their bodies properly, leading to a condition called metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis in CKD…
PI: Caron, Alexandre
Obesity and diabetes have reached epidemic proportions worldwide. This situation is alarming considering that these pathologies are intimately linked to the development of important health issues inc…
PI: Sievenpiper, John L; Jenkins, David J; Leiter, Lawrence A
Cardiovascular disease results in 25% of deaths in Canada, costing over $21 billion annually. Nutrition and lifestyle remain the cornerstone of therapy for cardiovascular disease, but implementation …
PI: Luciani, Dan S
Diabetes is a serious disease in which high levels of blood sugar (glucose) damage the body and markedly shortens life-span. Glucose is normally kept low by the hormone insulin, which is released fro…
Rare diseases can negatively affect a patients' quality of life and psychosocial support needs of affected individuals often go unmet. A randomised clinical efficacy trial showed a newly developed, p…
PI: Agharazii, Mohsen; Goupil, Remi
During acute infection, COVID-19 affects the respiratory system. However, COVID-19 could damage blood vessels directly and indirectly, pushing people towards a process called premature vascular aging…
PI: MacKay, Dylan S; Tangri, Navdeep
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) can reduce a person's ability to manage the balance of acid and base in their bodies properly, leading to a condition called metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis in CKD…
PI: Rivard, Nathalie
The etiology of ulcerative colitis (UC) is complex and there is still no cure. Current treatment primarily focuses on controlling the immune response, but this approach remains ineffective for many p…
PI: Farkouh, Michael E; Dash, Satya; Poirier, Paul; Woo, Minna N
Heart disease is the leading cause of death among people with type 2 diabetes. The evidence suggests that lowering blood sugar alone is not enough to prevent heart disease. Some diabetes medications …
PI: Morais, José A; Rahme, Elham; Rosa-Neto, Pedro; Spaic, Tamara; Theberge, Jean
The discovery of insulin was an outstanding life saving achievement. However, it transformed diabetes into a chronic disease causing numerous complications. Important advances in the prevention of th…
PI: Tangri, Navdeep; Cahill, Leah; Luhovyy, Bohdan L; MacKay, Dylan S; Tennankore, Karthik K
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) in Canada. CKD can reduce a person's ability to manage the balance of acid and base in their bodies properly, leading to…
PI: Cherney, David Z; Campbell, David J; Layton, Anita; Perkins, Bruce A
Diabetes is the most common cause of kidney failure in Canada, and requires either dialysis or a kidney transplant. Kidney failure leads to terrible suffering for patients, with a poor quality of lif…
PI: Screaton, Robert A; Lim, Gareth E; Lynn, Francis C; Mulvihill, Erin E
Our vision is to establish a complete understanding of the biology of human beta cells, the cells that make and secrete insulin after a meal. The inability to produce enough insulin results in diabet…
PI: Shapiro, James; Kieffer, Timothy J; Korbutt, Gregory S; MacDonald, Patrick E; Pepper, Andrew R
Diabetes is caused by the lack of insulin, a hormone produced by the islet ß-cells in the pancreas that regulates blood sugar. In Type 1 Diabetes (T1D, ~10%), the ß-cells are destroyed by one's own i…
PI: Johnson, James D; Luciani, Dan S; Rideout, Elizabeth J; Thompson, Peter; Verchere, Bruce C
Type 1 diabetes (T1D), often diagnosed in children, affects >300,000 Canadians. In T1D, the immune system targets and destroys a special type of cell called a beta cell which makes insulin. It is bec…
PI: Verchere, Bruce C; Klein Geltink, Ramon; Levings, Megan K; Santamaria, Pere; Tsai, Sue Y
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that occurs when the immune system mistakenly kills the cells in the pancreas that produce the hormone, insulin. A true cure for T1D requires the immune…
PI: MacDonald, Patrick E; Bruin, Jennifer E; Johnson, James D; Xia, Jianguo
Insulin is the primary hormone responsible for controlling blood sugar levels. It is produced by the pancreatic islets of Langerhans, rises after a meal to promote energy storage, and falls during fa…
PI: Kieffer, Timothy J; Hoesli, Corinne; Rideout, Elizabeth J; Shakiba, Nika
Diabetes is a debilitating disorder of high blood sugar that afflicts millions of Canadians. People with type 1 diabetes lack the cells that release the hormone insulin, so multiple daily insulin inj…
PI: Dubé, Marie-Pierre; Carpentier, André C; Lewis, Gary F; Tardif, Jean-Claude
Colchicine is an anti-inflammatory medication and is one of the oldest remedies still commonly in use today as a treatment for gout. Recently, we have shown in the COLCOT study that colchicine reduce…
Adolescent Diabetes- Measurement and Implementation of Research to Everyday Care (ADMIRE Study)
PI: Mahmud, Farid; Ahmed, Sofia B; Barwick, Melanie A; Clarson, Cheril L; Panagiotopoulos, Constadina
"Clinical research should improve patient care," but it does not happen quickly taking up to 16 years, which does not help patients. Implementation Science is a new research that helps advance resear…
PI: Dyck, Jason R; Screaton, Robert A
Getting older is a major risk factor for the development of type 2 diabetes in humans. While there are many reasons for this, the energy producing machinery of the cells in our body (called 'mitochon…
PI: Woo, Minna N; Cheung, Angela M; Gouspillou, Gilles; Grol, Matthew W; Kapoor, Mohit
Diabetes and osteoarthritis (OA) are two of the most common diseases affecting approximately 11 and 4 million Canadians, respectively. Diabetes can lead to multiple serious conditions including blind…
PI: Mcinnes, Natalia; Gerstein, Hertzel C; Pigeyre, Marie; Poitout, Vincent; Steinberg, Gregory R
Type 2 diabetes has been previously considered a chronic progressive disease; however, new evidence suggests that it can be reversed. Our project is focused on identifying novel protein targets for i…
PI: Wicklow, Brandy A; Dart, Allison B; Doucette, Christine A; Jones, Meaghan J; Lynn, Francis C
T2D in childhood continues to increase worldwide and affects Indigenous children and families more than non-Indigenous populations. Childhood onset T2D is associated with high rates of early onset ra…
PI: Rabasa-Lhoret, Rémi; Brazeau, Anne-Sophie; Goyal, Shivani; Senior, Peter A; Yardley, Jane E
In healthy individuals, blood sugar levels are tightly controlled by insulin. Secretion of insulin, a vital hormone to reduce blood sugar, is lost in type 1 diabetes (T1D). Thus, people living with T…
PI: Tchernof, André; Biertho, Laurent
The number of individuals with severe obesity (i.e. an excess weight of more than 100 pounds) has grown disproportionately in Canada, with a 455% increase between 1985 and 2016. In addition to suffer…
In up to 80% of patients, surgery of the pancreas (most commonly for pancreatic cancer) leads to pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), a disease where the pancreas no longer makes sufficient diges…
PI: Dmitriev, Oleg Y
Copper is required for the activity of many enzymes involved in respiration, neuron function, formation of connective tissue, endocrine processes, and radical detoxification in the human body. Wilson…
PI: Elango, Rajavel
Protein is important in diet to help growth and maintain health. All body proteins are made up of 20 amino acids. Among these 20 amino acids there are 9 amino acids, which our body cannot make, and t…
PI: Ma, David W
Lay Abstract: Breast cancer remains a leading cause of mortality of women in Canada and worldwide. Dietary factors including fatty acids are increasingly recognized for their role in preventing or pr…
Defining how a common food dye affects microbiota and serotonin signalling to promote colitis
PI: Khan, Waliul I
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are the most common chronic intestinal conditions and their incidence and prevalence have shown a dramatic increase in the last decades. Emerging evidence suggests l…
PI: Drouin-Chartier, Jean-Philippe
High blood cholesterol (HBC) increases heart disease risk. In most cases, HBC outcomes from suboptimal lifestyle habits. However, more than 150,000 individuals in Canada and 34 million worldwide have…
PI: Elliott, Meghan; King-Shier, Kathryn M
Kidney failure is the most advanced stage of chronic kidney disease, where dialysis is often needed as a life-sustaining therapy. Adults with kidney failure have complex health care needs and are at …
PI: Alquier, Thierry; Rideout, Elizabeth J
Obesity affects nearly 14 million Canadians and is a major risk factor for diabetes (type 2). The hypothalamus is a brain region that plays a critical role in controlling body weight by regulating fo…
About a quarter of the adult population is affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This increases their risk of developing liver cancer and other diseases such as type 2 diabetes and c…
What are stem cells? They are the "orchestra conductor" in an organism. First, they are a rare population of cells that can self-renew. That means that when it will divide, it will produce two daught…
PI: Collister, David; Walsh, Michael W
In patients with advanced chronic kidney disease (CKD), the decision to initiate dialysis is based on the degree of kidney dysfunction as well as the presence of any acute indications including high …
The world's population is ageing. In 2016, seniors outnumbered children, for the first time in Canada's history. As people age they lose muscle mass and strength which could lead to falls, broken bon…
PI: Pérusse, Louis
Obesity is considered as one of the most important health problem worldwide. A wealth of evidence suggests that obesity is the result of unhealthy eating and lifestyle behaviors leading to weight gai…