CIHR Projects
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Testing Resilience: An evaluation of the health system impact of COVID-19 in Post-Ebola Sierra Leone
PI: Mishra, Sharmistha; Chan, Adrienne; Lakoh, Sulaiman; Sevalie, Stephen
In 2014, Sierra Leone was hit with an unprecedented Ebola outbreak with devastating consequences for those directly affected by the virus and through collateral damage across other health sectors. Po…
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on the daily life of Canadians, including children and parents. Child growth monitoring through primary care is an established practice to promote opti…
The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a multitude of challenges to the cancer care delivery system. Colorectal cancer (CRC) prevention and diagnostic tests such as fecal immunochemical tests (FIT) and col…
PI: Lam, Grace Y; Heffernan, Courtney E; Gross, Douglas P; Ronksley, Paul E; Stickland, Michael K; Weatherald, Jason
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly impacted everyone, even those who have never had COVID-19. Both positive (greater accessibility via telemedicine) and negative consequences (less access to testin…
PI: Pabayo, Roman A; Walsh, Pegeen M; Smith, Brendan
In addition to the rise of morbidity and mortality due to the COVID-19 pandemic, spillover adverse effects on population health have occurred. Preliminary research has indicated that increases in sui…
PI: Hu, Jia; Cabaj, Jason; Constantinescu, Cora M; Ivers, Noah M
The COVID-19 pandemic has changed children's formative years, including their schooling, social opportunities, and health. Routine childhood vaccinations (RCVs) protect children against life-changing…
Alcohol is the most common psychoactive substance used by Canadians and causes substantial harm and healthcare costs. Over the past decade in Canada, adolescents and young adults (AYAs: aged 13-39 ye…
PI: Hobin, Erin P; Cukier, Samantha; Vanderlee, Lana M
Alcohol use and harms are increasing at a greater rate among women than men. Deliberate gender-targeted alcohol advertising has been identified by health experts as a key driver increasing alcohol us…
PI: Manuel, Douglas G; Taljaard, Monica; Tanuseputro, Peter
Alcohol is a leading cause of disease and death in Canada, and its impact on Canadians' health and the health care system is increasing. In December 2015, the Government of Ontario began relaxing rul…
PI: Stockwell, Timothy R; Cukier, Samantha
Cancer is the leading cause of death among Canadians and alcohol plays an important causal role in incidence and mortality of some cancers. About 5.5% of cancer deaths would not have occurred in the …
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons in a specific region of the brain. Dopaminergic neurons play an important role in voluntary movemen…
PI: Goodyear, Trevor H; Chayama, Koharu; Knight, Rodney E
Two-Spirit, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (2SLGBTQ+) youth face many social challenges, including bullying, rejection from family and friends, and homophobia and transphobia. These c…
PI: Winters, Meghan; MacIsaac, David; Webb, Sarah; Kirk, Sara F; Moore, Sarah A
The 2020 Declaration for Resilience in Canadian Cities called for "'everywhere-to-everywhere' networks that makes cycling a safe mobility choice for people of all ages and abilities and every residen…
PI: Fuller, Daniel L; Blais, Stéphane; McDonald, James; Beck, Ben; Shareck, Martine; Tomasone, Jennifer R
Active transport and public transit are important to provide accessible and affordable physical activity as part of everyday life and to improve population health. In 2020-2021, the Canadian federal …
PI: Cloutier, Marie-Soleil; Fuselli, Pamela A; Malzer, Jen; Howard, Andrew W; Macpherson, Alison; Rothman, Linda
Vehicle speeds in Canadian cities are excessive and dangerous for human health. Vulnerable road users- pedestrians and cyclists - account for increasing proportions of fatalities every year, especial…
PI: Klein, Doug; Lessard, Sean M; Boushel, Robert C; Svrcek, Clark; Wicklum, Sonja C
The CHANGE Health Community Program is a program to help families "re-learn" healthy living by providing lifestyle intervention programming in four main areas (physical activity, nutrition, mental he…
PI: Morais, Samantha
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection. Most HPV infections are asymptomatic and clear spontaneously, while some persist and may result in anogenital and orophar…
PI: Crawford, Allison; Clarkin, Chantalle L
There are over 350,000 Public Safety Personnel (PSP) in Canada, including fire, police, RCMP, paramedic, corrections, search and rescue, among other PSP occupations. Urgent attention has been called …
PI: Rosberger, Zeev
New viral variants and the slowly decreasing immunity from the current COVID-19 vaccines have caused uncertainty about when the pandemic will end. Because of this, it is very likely that current vacc…
More than a year into a global pandemic, people around the world continue to experience the burdens and costs of COVID-19 in unfair and unequal ways. Vaccine nationalism involves (mostly rich) countr…
PI: Bayoumi, Ahmed M; Boucher, Lisa M; Dodd, Zoe; Durbin, Anna; Firestone, Michelle; Hayman, Kate; Isaacs, Barry J; Kolla, Gillian; Matheson, Flora I; Steer, Lorie A; Yakubovich, Alexa R; Young, Samantha V
Many Toronto organizations rapidly introduced programs and innovations to support people experiencing marginalization during the COVID-19 pandemic. The MARCO (Marginalization and COVID-19) study, a c…
PI: Presseau, Justin
The WHO has identified Public Health and Social Measures (PHSM; e.g., physical distancing, mask-wearing, vaccination) as "critical to limiting transmission of COVID-19 and reducing deaths." PHSM rema…
PI: Zinszer, Kate A; Decaluwe, Hélène; Quach-Thanh, Caroline
With mass vaccination campaigns underway across Canada for 12 years and older, the pandemic has been dramatically altered although important challenges remain. The EnCORE study is a seroprevalence st…
PI: Adams, Matthew; Galloway, Tracey L; Wilson, Kathleen J
This research explores the "COVID-19 journeys" of racialized and immigrant communities within Peel Region to increase the cultural awareness, safety, and efficacy of health messaging and care for rac…
PI: Shan, Desai
The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in unprecedented challenges to occupational health and safety for essential workers. Essential workers need legal protection, accurate information, and supportive w…
PI: Shaw, Souradet Y; Keynan, Yoav; Nickel, Nathan C; Stein, Derek R
COVID-19 has disproportionately impacted the most vulnerable segments of our society, those with chronic conditions, those impacted by substance use, those with intellectual disabilities, and those a…
The Canadian Surveillance of COVID-19 in Pregnancy: Epidemiology, Maternal and Infant Outcomes
PI: Money, Deborah M; Boucoiran, Isabelle; Castillo, Eliana; Elwood, Chelsea; Fell, Deshayne B; McClymont, Elisabeth K; Poliquin, Vanessa; Snelgrove, John W
Towards the goal of understanding the burden of COVID-19 on pregnancy, the Canadian Surveillance of COVID-19 in Pregnancy: Epidemiology, Maternal and Infant Outcomes (CANCOVID-Preg) was initiated. CA…
PI: Fabreau, Gabriel; Teare, Gary F; Pottie, Kevin; Spitzer, Denise L
The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected low-income communities in Canada. These communities have more immigrants, refugees, and temporary foreign workers (together called 'newcomers') who often…
PI: Thampi, Nisha; Castellani, Lucas; Fralick, Michael P; Kassen, Rees; MacFadden, Derek R; Nott, Caroline; Wong, Alex
Surveillance for SARS-CoV-2 in populations and the environment has been a critical component of our public health toolbox throughout the COVID-19 pandemic response. Ottawa pioneered the use of enviro…
PI: Sharma, Sangita; Kandola, Kami
Immune response to vaccination can be different for many people, depending on age, sex, gender, and ethnicity. Some may have a reduced response, and it is important to measure this among different po…
PI: Blanchet, Rosanne; Olstad, Dana Lee
Black Peoples, Indigenous Peoples and People(s) of Colour (BIPOC) often have poorer diets and health than people in the majority of the population because of the difficult conditions in which they li…
PI: Pabayo, Roman A; Walsh, Pegeen M; Smith, Brendan
The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted socio-demographic groups differently, which can lead to widening health inequalities. For example, researchers have observed that people from low socioeconomic stat…
PI: Etowa, Josephine B; Loemba, Hugues
African, Caribbean, and Black communities (ACB) are vulnerable populations in terms of their health risks, receipt of adequate care and chance of recovery. There is an urgent need for action to mitig…
PI: Zenlea, Ian S; Fierheller, Dianne M; Mansfield, Elizabeth A
The Peel region of Ontario has experienced one of the highest positivity rates for COVID-19 across Canada. Individuals and families from Peel's diverse communities have experienced negative impacts t…
Anti-Black racism has negative impact on the health and wellbeing of Black communities in Canada. The COVID-19 pandemic and global uprisings for racial justice have raised awareness of the lack of co…
PI: Vachon, Julien
In 2015, exposure to ambient fine particles in the air was responsible for 4.2 million deaths globally. Emitted mainly from motor vehicles, ultrafine particles (UFPs), having a smaller diameter, may …
PI: Bratu, Andreea G
Climate change and extreme weather events can significantly affect our mental health and wellbeing. Some individuals and communities are particularly vulnerable to the effects of climate events. For …
PI: Norton, Alexa B
Canada is experiencing a prolonged and worsening overdose epidemic. The provision of a safe and regulated supply of pharmaceutical-grade drugs is a necessary response to a growing national public hea…
Of the female reproductive system cancers, ovarian cancer is the deadliest, with a five-year survival rate of less than 50%. Most people with ovarian cancer are diagnosed at a late stage because of v…
PI: Maldonado-Rodriguez, Naomi
Gender-based violence (GBV) is a public health epidemic and priority social concern, affecting more than 1 in 3 women in their lifetime and contributing to premature death and complex physical and me…
PI: Flatman, Leah K
Chronic inflammatory diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease, affect many Canadians. Women of childbearing age are mainly diagnosed. The main way to manage these diseases is with…
PI: Fakhraei, Romina
Group B Streptococcus (GBS) disease, a bacterial infection often harmless in healthy adults, is the leading cause of serious blood and brain infections in newborns. Globally, around 18% of pregnant w…
PI: Ost, Katarina
The incidence of Lyme disease (LD) and other tickborne illnesses is increasing in Canada due to ongoing climate and environmental changes. This poses a significant threat to the health and wellbeing …
Studies show lower socioeconomic status (SES) groups experience greater alcohol-related illnesses and deaths compared to higher SES groups, even when consuming lower quantities of alcohol. Known as t…
PI: Xia, Yiqing
Infectious disease epidemics pose significant threats to the health of Canadians and the economy. Efficient control of outbreaks relies on timely epidemic intelligence, such as the effective reproduc…
Cough is a key symptom of respiratory diseases, including tuberculosis (TB) and COVID-19. The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated advancements in the field of digital cough monitoring using art…
Using virtual reality and haptic touch to treat phantom limb pain: A development and usability study
PI: Aternali, Andrea
Approximately 80% of amputees experience phantom limb pain. These individuals show reduced quality of life, maladaptive coping strategies, and amplified levels of depression and anxiety in the years …
PI: Al Hakeem, Hiba
Pediatric concussion is a common injury in Canada. Almost 30% of youth experience persistent post-concussion symptoms (PPCS) lasting four weeks post injury. Prolonged youth recovery is found to affec…
PI: Rosella, Laura C; Anderson, Maureen; Buckeridge, David L; Fan, Lisa; Lee, Joon; Lix, Lisa M; Osgood, Nathaniel D
The vision of the Artificial Intelligence for Public Health (AI4PH) Training Platform is to enable skill development and capacity for artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) innovation…
Sexual minority men, which are gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, experience a high mental health burden due to societal stigma. However, our understanding remains limited due to cha…