CIHR Projects
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PI: Letourneau, Nicole L; Reimer, Jan; Duffett-Leger, Linda A; Graham, Ian D; Moshirpour, Mohammad; Nixon, Kendra L; Parrilla Lopez, Maria Jose; Ross, Kharah M; Stewart-Tufescu, Ashley
Addressing the impact of early childhood adversity (e.g. family violence, parental depression, low-income) can promote children's mental health and development, giving children the best start in life…
PI: Roos, Leslie E; Braun, Mildred J; Archibald, Mandy M; Clement, Fiona Mary; MacKinnon, Anna; Nickel, Nathan C; Tomfohr-Madsen, Lianne M
Untreated parent mental illness often impacts young children by exposing them to stressful events such as violence or unsupportive parent-child relationships. We have created an App-based program cal…
PI: Bolduc, François; Droit, Arnaud
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are a major public health problem worldwide, affecting more than 3% of children. These past years, an increasing number of variants in genes encoding proteins of t…
PI: Oskoui, Maryam; Smith, Maureen M; Evans, Alan C; Iturria Medina, Yasser; Levac, Danielle E; Potter, Elizabeth K
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare disease that weakens muscles, limits independent physical function, and shortens children's lives. In the last 5 years, new drug therapies have helped children…
PI: Kelly, Lauren; Campbell-Yeo, Marsha L; Jibb, Lindsay; King, Alexandra; King, Malcolm; Klassen, Terry P; Lacaze-Masmonteil, Thierry; Murthy, Srinivas; Poonai, Naveen; Samuel, Susan M
Children require medicines and other non-drug therapies for many reasons, however, most treatments have never been tested in children or approved for use in their age group. Clinical trials answer im…
Evaluating a Model of Transitional and Lifelong Care for Adults with Childhood-Onset Disabilities
PI: Brunton, Laura K; Cassidy, Caitlin; Jansen, Sandy; Madden, Chris; Madden, Jacqueline
Survival to adulthood for people with childhood-onset disabilities such as cerebral palsy, spina bifida and developmental disability has increased drastically over the past several decades such that …
PI: Corkum, Penny V; Roberts, Karen C; Earle, Christopher I; Keys, Elizabeth M; Simonelli, Guido
The most common sleep disorder is insomnia (difficulties falling and/or staying asleep), which affects Canadians of all ages. Insomnia (and symptoms of insomnia) has a negative impact on people's men…
PI: Chaput, Kathleen H; McDonald, Sheila W; Mcmorris, Carly A
There is an immediate need for improved research of the risks of prenatal cannabis exposure to infant and child development and mental health to inform evidence-based, targeted education and interven…
PI: Hicks, Matthew S; Sikora, Christopher; Hicks, Elizabeth A
Cannabis became legal in Canada in October 2018. It is often marketed to pregnant women as a therapy for anxiety and nausea, among other symptoms, although its use has not been proven to be safe or e…
PI: Corsi, Daniel J; Walker, Mark C
Lifestyle behaviours are critical determinants of pregnancy and offspring health. Cannabis use in pregnancy is becoming more common due to accessibility, social acceptance, and environmental pressure…
PI: Gill, Peter J; Buchanan, Francine; Mahant, Sanjay
Incorporating shared decision making with children and families hospitalized on the general pediatric ward was one of the Top 10 priorities identified by Canadian parents, families, and healthcare pr…
Children with very severe cardiopulmonary failure in Canada are supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation called ECMO. Surgeons connect them to an artificial pump and a lung using large cann…
PI: Gagnon, Isabelle; Blain-Moraes, Stefanie
Concussions are a common brain injury in children that can have negative effects on physical and mental health. There is no test or biological maker to clearly determine when a concussion has occurre…
PI: Poenaru, Dan
One child in a hundred is born with a major birth anomaly requiring surgery. Through advances in newborn and surgical care, most of these children now survive the urgent, high-risk surgery and have a…
The contribution of uterine endothelial cell ageing to reproductive decline with advanced age
PI: Riddell, Meghan
In Canada, a consistent trend for many years has been an increasing age of pregnant people. In fact, the number of babies born to Canadian people 35-39 was double that of people 20-24 in 2019. But pr…
PI: Rastegar, Mojgan
MeCP2 was discovered in 1992 as a protein that binds, reads, and interprets genomic modifications. Such modifications dictate what genes should be turned "on or off" in our body. Later studies showed…
PI: Yeung, Rae S; Benseler, Susanne; Haddad, Elie
COVID-19 can cause a life-threatening Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) typically weeks after a mild or even asymptomatic infection. Each wave of COVID-19 cases is closely followe…
PI: Stinson, Jennifer N; Birnie, Kathryn A; Noel, Melanie E
Pain is one of the most common symptoms of extreme stress in youth. Without treatment, acute pain will become chronic (CP; pain lasting >3 months), a problem already affecting 1 in 5 Canadian youth. …
Previous pandemics and seasonal influenza studies have shown that in utero exposure to maternal viral infection results in a 2-7-fold increase in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders in …
PI: Castellanos Ryan, Natalie; Seguin, Jean R
Puberty is a complex process that involves vast changes in hormones, sexual maturation, identity formation and social interactions. Scientific discoveries have been critical to understanding the onse…
PI: Thebaud, Bernard
High blood pressure in the lungs (pulmonary hypertension, PH) complicates lung diseases in babies with overly small lungs. PH doubles the risk of death, and survivors have long-term health problems t…
PI: Samji, Hasina
Mental disorders have a peak onset in adolescence and young adulthood, with 1 in 5 Canadians under the age of 25 affected per year. Along with social and economic stressors such as discrimination and…
PI: Biddiss, Elaine A; Wright, Virginia F
The Problem. One in 500 Canadian children have cerebral palsy (CP) and most have hand/arm limitations that impact their activities and participation. Optimizing hand/arm abilities is key to CP care. …
PI: Scratch, Shannon E; Biddiss, Elaine A
The gap. Clearing youth to return-to-play (RtoP) after a sports-related concussion is a difficult clinical decision. There are no assessments that mimic sport so clinicians use simple measures (e.g.,…
PI: Hardy, Daniel B; Natale, David R
Our group has demonstrated that cannabinoid use during pregnancy reduces fetal growth and affects cardiac function after birth by using a rat model of cannabinoid exposure. Specifically, we have show…
PI: Madigan, Sheri L; MacMaster, Frank P; McDonald, Sheila W; Tough, Suzanne C
With looming threats related to a rapidly changing economic landscape, along with individual, family, and pandemic stressors, Alberta can be a challenging place for youth to thrive. Thriving is parti…
Unhealthy food and beverage marketing negatively impacts the food preferences, dietary habits and health of young people, yet little is known about the power and exposure of such marketing to teenage…
Mutations in the splicing factor EFTUD2 and SF3B4 are responsible for mandibulofacial dysostosis with microcephaly (MFDM) and Nager Syndromes, respectively. Malformations in the craniofacial region a…
A safe and nurturing family environment is essential for infants' healthy development, yet parents with behaviour problems may struggle to provide such an environment. This study aims to test: (1) Wh…
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) is the most common form of diabetes among children and youth. Importantly, T1D is strongly associated with heart diseases such as heart attacks and strokes, known as ca…
PI: Tremblay, Mark S
The early years (<5 years) is one of the most critical periods for lifelong development. Thus, international efforts have focused on ensuring optimal development at this age. Unfortunately, our under…
Preterm infants, 1 in 12 Canadian births, are at a significant increased risk of poor health outcomes, resulting in high healthcare burden. Parents of these infants report lower self-efficacy and wor…
PI: Georgiades, Stelios; Singal, Deepa; Zwaigenbaum, Lonnie
Autism is a lifelong condition that impacts the day-to-day functioning and quality of life of 500,000 children and families in Canada. After a child receives an Autism diagnosis, parents often want t…
De plus en plus d'enfants présentent des problèmes cognitifs, socioaffectifs ou comportementaux. Étant donné la persistance dans le temps de ces problèmes et leurs conséquences sociales et économique…
PI: Lisonkova, Sarka; Razaz, Neda
Neonatal mortality has declined substantially during the last decades, especially in infants born preterm, which is primarily due to the highly specialized care provided in neonatal intensive care un…
PI: Brossard-Racine, Marie; Wintermark, Pia
Some babies experience a condition called "birth asphyxia", where their brain and other organs do not receive enough blood and/or oxygen. This is a life-threatening condition that often causes perman…
PI: Quach-Thanh, Caroline; Galanis, Eleni; Strang, Robert A; Basta, Nicole; Bhatt, Maala; Buchanan, Francine; Burstein, Brett S; Carwana, Matthew; Choong, Karen; Constantin, Evelyn; Côté, Sylvana; Drouin, Olivier; Dugas, Marc-André; Fontela, Patricia S; Foo, Cheryl P; Foster, Jennifer; Freedman, Stephen B; Gagneur, Arnaud A; Gantt, Soren M; Gill, Peter J; Kakkar, Fatima; Kellner, James D; Klassen, Terry P; Lacaze-Masmonteil, Thierry; Lalgudi Ganesan, Saptharishi; Li, Patricia T; Mahant, Sanjay; Mater, Ahmed; Morris, Shaun K; Muttalib, Fiona; Papenburg, Jesse; Sadarangani, Manish; Sehgal, Anupam V; 't Jong, Geert W; Top, Karina A; Wahi, Gita; Wright, Bruce
Severe COVID-19 is rare in children but given the huge number of infected children, COVID-19 is a major cause of pediatric disease. In addition, some COVID-19-related issues are worse in children, su…
PI: Breton, Sylvie
Infertility is a major health problem that affects 1 in 7 couples in the US and Canada, and male infertility affects up to half of these couples. Between 40-50% of male infertility cases remain unexp…
PI: Leung, Peter C; Beristain, Alexander G
Successful pregnancy depends on the coordinated development of the placenta and uterine tissues. To function properly, the placenta must grow into the wall of the uterus in a precisely regulated mann…
PI: Scratch, Shannon E; Dunkley, Benjamin T; Wheeler, Anne L
Concussion is a serious public health concern for youths. In Ontario, concussion-related emergency department and office visits for children quadrupled from 2003 to 2013 and have continued to rise si…
PI: Podolsky, Dale J
Robotic surgery provides surgeons with the ability to perform surgical procedures with improved visualization, precision and access in small spaces. This has allowed for the development of new surgic…
PI: Gagnon, Michelle
One in four youth who menstruate report experiencing dysmenorrhea, or menstrual pain, that is severe or very severe. Despite the significant disruption that dysmenorrhea can cause in the lives of you…
PI: Malhamé, Isabelle; Daskalopoulou, Stella S
Preeclampsia is a hypertensive disorder affecting 3-5% of pregnancies. It is defined by high blood pressure after 20 weeks of pregnancy in combination with problems of the kidneys, brain, heart, lung…
Retinopathy of prematurity is one of the leading causes of blindness in children. Loss of blood vessels in the immature retina of premature infants decreases nutrient and oxygen delivery, leading to …
PI: Stinson, Jennifer N; Birnie, Kathryn A; Noel, Melanie E
Pain is one of the most common symptoms of extreme stress in youth. Without treatment, short-term pain can last for months to years (called 'chronic pain'; CP), a problem already affecting 1 in 5 Can…
PI: Lee, Amy H; Lavoie, Pascal
Each second, five newborn babies die from suspected life-threatening infections somewhere in the world. Newborns and young babies are more vulnerable to severe infections than all other age groups. H…
Annually, 2-3 million newborn babies are born without a heartbeat due to lack of oxygen at birth. When this happens, the clinical team starts chest compression and gives epinephrine to kickstart the …
PI: Halsall, Tanya G
44% of Canadian secondary students have used alcohol, and 18% have used cannabis in the past 12 months. When alcohol consumption is excessive, it is associated with significant negative outcomes for …
PI: Coulaud, Pierre-julien; Jauffret-Roustide, Marie; Knight, Rodney E
A growing number of research studies have documented the critical impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated public health measures on social well-being and health outcomes of youth (<30 years). …
Stakeholder consultations to identify gaps in post-Caesarean care and resulting infections in Rwanda
PI: Vidler, Marianne; Rulisa, Stephen
Caesarean deliveries are an essential and life-saving part of healthcare; however, too many Caesareans can increase the risk of death and disability for mothers and their infants. Infections are the …